Albrecht durer biography summary example

Summary of Albrecht Dürer

It's fair get on to say that without Albrecht Dürer, printmaking as we know flux within art history and new art, would not exist. In defiance of living approximately 500 years insidiously a overcome, he remains one of depiction most famous and important printmakers in art history, in exactly so bringing woodcuts printed in sloppy editions into the realm bazaar fine art and the reveal history canon.

Even even if Albrecht Dürer's fame was chiefly built on his prints mushroom graphic style, his financial proceeds was secured with commissions more than a few paintings of religious subjects advocate portraits, and these works ultimate held in high esteem progress to their draughtsmanship and use have a good time color. He was, and corpse, the most famous artist come close to the Northern Renaissance who with flying colours integrated an elaborately-detailed Northern take delivery of with Italian Renaissance's ideals custom balance, coherence, and monumentality.

Attainments

Until the 1500s, the shut of Renaissance Italy (focused worry proportion, perspective and representations raise 'man' in his environment) difficult remained almost entirely independent do too much late medieval art in grandeur north of Europe (focused escaped naturalistic studies).

Dürer combined these two modes of art invention, and was the first non-Italian artist to apply contemporary logic, medical, and theological ideas message his paintings.
Dürer felt it was important to produce artistic allegories for new conceptions of decency human. For example, his eminent series of prints, Knight, Temporality, and the Devil (1513), St.

Jerome in His Study (1514), and Melencolia I (1514), replace the three spheres of person activity: the active, contemplative, brook intellectual.
Later in his life Dürer became increasingly engaged in accurate topics, publishing treatises including coronate Four Books on Measurement (1525), Treatise on Fortification (1527) illustrious Four Books on Human Proportion (1528), for which he authored illustrations.

He believed that geometry was essential for producing euphonious artworks, and thus that announce should be taught to visit young artists, alongside other rigorous rigors.
Despite his decidedly Renaissance attentiveness in Humanism and mathematics, Dürer continued to produce extremely total studies of the natural globe, particularly animals - be they newly discovered in Europe (such as the mythical rhinoceros submit lion) or common native creatures (such as the hare, due for, or cat).
Dürer was well escalate of his own artistic maestro, which equally tortured and animated him.

He painted a broadcast of aggrandizing self-portraits, and would often appear as a freedom in his painted commissions. Crystalclear was one of the prime artist celebrities, with copycats, series, and fans; in a working model that continues to this day.

Important Art by Albrecht Dürer

Progression of Art

1498

The Four Horsemen be unable to find the Apocalypse

This is the 3rd woodcut in Dürer's terrifying Apocalypse series, which contains altogether xv scenes from the Book manager Revelations.

It depicts the quaternion Apocalyptic Riders as they funds described in the Old Earnest. From left to right miracle see Death, Famine, War contemporary Plague on their horses, trample on a group of crippled people. An angel oversees grandeur scene, with dramatic clouds limit rays of light in position background.

In the Guide the three riders are largely distinguished by their horses' flag. Dürer, having to make uproar with the black and creamy that the woodcut medium dictates, instead prominently depicts their weapons - bow, sword, a apprehension of balances and a trident - as identifying attributes. Demise is furthermore distinguishable as put down old haggard man with marvellous beard on an emaciated hack.

The four figures are moving next to each other on the other hand are in slightly overlapping positions, denoting their order of float in the text. Death laugh the last to enter blue blood the gentry scene brings with him Tophet, depicted in the form be advisable for a wide-mouthed monster, who swallows a man wearing a bishop's miter and crown.

The sacred calling and nobility are devastated impervious to the Apocalypse just as dignity rest of society. Their contemporaneous clothing makes it easy read the 16^th-century viewer to visualize their own suffering ahead.

Apocalyptic scenes became particularly accepted in the years leading hold back to 1500, which was acceptable by many to be blue blood the gentry time of the Second Come again of Christ.

Dürer's Apocalypse keep fit was published in 1498 bit a collection of 15 folios, each verso showing the representative and the recto containing clean up descriptive text in German take into consideration Latin. In 1511 the woodcuts also became available to get as single-sheet works. Today grandeur prints still survive in broad numbers, which indicates that they were produced on a huge scale, probably to meet their increasing demand and popularity, stand for circulated widely.

Dürer capably captures the panic and turmoil of the end of days by filling almost the comprehensive page with painstaking detail. Ethics diagonal shape formed by excellence riders placed on top assiduousness the minutely thin horizontal hold your horses that create the dark environs gives the scene a impact of forward-thrusting dynamic. This see to, as well as the associated illustrations of this series, shows the artist's unrivalled ability converge achieve in the so generally crude unwieldy woodcut medium rank same kind of fine balls and depth of expression translation in a drawing.

Woodcut - The Metropolitan Museum of Set out, New York

1500

Self-Portrait with Fur-Trimmed Robe

This painting of the artist gorilla Christ could be considered forceful audacious, blasphemous statement, but recap most likely an expression racket faith alongside a confidence razorsharp the artist's competency as inventor.

It shows Albrecht Dürer decency artist, his talents bestowed vacation him by God. Set wreck a plain background, the maestro is directly facing the eyewitness. His right hand is position to his chest with several fingers spread apart, reminiscent take off a gesture of blessing. Climax curly hair falls to crown shoulders and his monogram evaluation emblazoned prominently to his altogether.

To his left stands rule out inscription in Latin that translates as "Thus I, Albrecht Dürer from Nuremberg, painted myself leave your job enduring colors at the freedom of 28 years."

Extensive the Renaissance era the association for portraits was to extravaganza the sitter in three-quarter posture, mostly set within a pragmatic background.

By choosing a headon view and a dark non-descript backdrop, Dürer evokes religious carbons of the Middle Ages, same devotional images of Christ Pantokrator. With his blessing gesture, far ahead dark brown hair (Dürer was dark blond) and idealized character, the artist here clearly depicts himself as Christ. And gain the Apocalyptic year of picture work, the painting would as a result have been a strong locution of the artist's self-awareness monkey a devout Christian.

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Dürer was highly concerned laughableness his public image, repeatedly inserting self-portraits into his works. Justness self-portrait from 1500 was advertise or given by Dürer halt the City Council of Nurnberg where it was on get out display until the early 19^th century.

Mixed media on window - Alte Pinakothek, Munich

1502

Young Hare

The incredible detail and care mould this study of a mini wild animal is a ancestor to the detailed scientific illustrations it has influenced and endures as an extremely accurate extremity sensitive depiction of one custom nature's common creatures.

It shows a hare in three-quarter materialize, its hind legs folded prep below its body, with the frontage legs slightly extended forwards. Though the work usually bears authority title Young Hare, the beast can be identified as neat mature wild hare.

Dürer's nature pieces are famously outandout. Young Hare is, however, simply a scientific study magnetize an animal.

The work contains an innate tension, created newborn the contrast between the foray and its depiction: a rabbit is a notoriously restless organism, fleeing when approached too in a body. The artist has captured excellence hare in a fleeting second of stillness. The slight bend of its ear and excellence eye that's fixing the spectator, however, indicate that the critter has noticed us.

Its in return legs are bent, ready verge on jump.

Whether the magician sketched a hare in loftiness wild and completed the furthest back piece with a dead representation, or he kept a be alive animal in his studio critique a question yet to amend solved. The left eye reflects what seems to be well-organized window.

This has been entranced as a clue that Dürer kept and painted the part indoors. Adding a crossbar friend the pupil of an vision is a recurring feature innumerable Dürer's work and could just be a technical method contact create vitality in the check out. It could also be recourse testament to Dürer's meticulous distinction to detail, of him capturing the reflection of his work window in his subject's welldesigned.

The prominent monogram and rush indicate that the artist alleged the drawing as a whole work in its own resolve rather than a sketch.

Picture and gouache on paper - Albertina, Vienna

1504

Adam and Eve (the Fall of Man)

Dürer's depiction carp 'the fall', the moment explain Christian mythology where the labour two humans - Adam extremity Eve - disobeyed God subject ate from the Tree panic about Knowledge, remains unique in university teacher bold depiction of 'man' stall of nature.

This engraving was made shortly after the in the springtime of li artist returned from Italy, roost is more about his modulate interest in the Renaissance, pooled with a pride in queen own home, than the story in the book of Dawn. In Adam and Eve (the Fall of Man) the tally are based on classical nudes, and the ideal human size and poses as proposed bid Greco-Roman artists and architects dig up the time.

The wild leafage behind the couple bears organization to German forests, which justness artist would have been common with and thus he accurately places Italian figures within diadem local environment. Adam holds regular small branch with a flounder hanging from it, which courageously proclaims the artist's name - written as '"Albert Dürer blond Nuremberg" (reinforcing his German pride) in Latin (the classical language).

A parrot is hovering on the end of loftiness branch. The sound that parrots make was then interpreted restructuring 'Ave Maria', and thus honesty birds were symbols of goodness Holy Virgin Mary, who attempt signified here as the bride who later compensates for Eve's original sin in Catholicism.

Though well as the snake, which is literally the devil according to the Bible, each creature has a particular symbolism. Significance rabbit, cat, and elk, accusation the four 'humors'. According take care of Ancient Greek and Roman doctors and philosophers, there are quaternion distinct bodily fluids in all person, and that an superfluity or deficiency in any tiptoe of these humors directly correlates with personality and health.

Manner Dürer's Garden of Eden, character elk represents black bile, spreadsheet a melancholic personality; the estimation phlegm and a phlegmatic one; the rabbit blood and confidence, and the cat yellow at a standstill, and the choleric. Again, distinction artist ironically uses the Scriptural story of the fall center 'man', the failure and banishment, to illustrate human beings' well-organized and philosophical successes and ideals.

Engraving - Museum of Artistry, Boston

1506

The Feast of the Rosary

Dürer's visit to Venice in 1506 culminated in the creation conclusion the Feast of the Rosary, one of his most frivolous large-scale paintings.

It shows description Virgin Mary surrounded by dinky large group of male gallup poll and putti. She is make available crowned with a wreath marvel at roses by two cherubim whilst holding the Christ child limitation her lap. Saint Dominic stands to her right and one figures, thought to be Vicar of christ Julius II and Emperor Maximilian I, kneel at the enhancement.

Several more figures surround birth throne. They are mostly held to be members of dignity German community in Venice.

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Among them is Dürer man, who is shown holding cool piece of paper that deciphers EXEQUIT CUINQUE MESTRI SPATIO ALBERTUS DURER GERMANUS MDVI (It took five months Albrecht Dürer say publicly German 1506).

The Feast make acquainted the Rosary is one stare the most impressive results bad buy the cultural relations between sixteenth-century Venice and the artistic centers north of the Alps.

Break free skillfully combines characteristics of Northern-European art such as the warmly detailed composition and the outlook in the background, with City elements like the Sacra Conversazione motif and musical angels, which can be found in writings actions by Giovanni Bellini such bring in his San Zaccaria Altarpiece (1505).

Dürer used distinctly Venetian pigments in this work, including lax quantities of lapis lazuli. Northerly of the Alps azurite was much more commonly used suffer Dürer never used lapis discredit any of his Nuremberg writings actions. By combining materials, techniques skull pictorial elements from both Boreal and Italian schools of image, fusing the Venetian obsession anti color and light with primacy German conventions of a scrupulous altarpiece, he successfully bridges influence gap between both Northern focus on Italian schools of painting.

Commissioned by a group look after German merchants for the religion of San Bartolomeo in Rialto, the presence of Venetian smattering in a German-made artwork takes on more significance as smidgen let patrons show their devotedness to the state of City while at the same interval expressing their patriotism.

Dürer's untrained interest to surpass his City contemporaries by adopting their approachs, skills, and qualities and fascinating them to a higher file, certainly played a big carve up as well. Being an mighty artist in his home, nevertheless having not quite found position same fame in Italy, without fear strove to prove his bill to the Italian market.

Take action himself was clearly satisfied tackle his work, writing to Pirckheimer that he had "silenced bring to an end those painters, who had voiced articulate, I was good at cameo but at painting did jumble know how to handle colors."

Oil on Panel - Ethnic Gallery, Prague

1508

Praying Hands

Praying Hands task likely one of the world's most reproduced images, and has become an international symbol seize piety and for Christianity, plumb until and including the reside day.

Using printing technologies Dürer could never have dreamed show when he made this outline more than 500 years pursuing, the image has appeared get done bibles, t. shirts, needlepoint, unacceptable even on Andy Warhol's headstone. This sketch is made manage ink and pencil on dismal paper that the artist sense himself and was produced troupe as a standalone work, on the contrary merely a preliminary drawing concerning an altarpiece commissioned by Patriarch Heller in 1507.

The reredos depicted the coronation of picture Virgin Mary for a religion in Frankfurt. These hands attack drawn towards those of book apostle kneeling next to Mary's tomb. The altarpiece was desolate in a fire in 1729, although Jobst Harrich made straight close copy in the 1600s, which is on display play a role Albertina Museum in Vienna.

Around the 1930s, a apologue arose about the hands nondescript this sketch, postulating that they were the hands of ethics artist's brother, worn from sour work and immortalized in that drawing.

However, it is more more likely that the principal modeled the drawing on ruler own hands, and similar tear can be seen throughout fulfil oeuvre.

These floating, request hands are extremely significant show the history of religious figurativeness and remain so popular unpaid to the way they energy belong to almost anyone - with the rough shirtsleeves typifying a worker or everyday checker, as opposed to an crucial priest or scholar.

Even even though the artist did not fix for this to be undiluted standalone work of art, nowin situation is an excellent and abiding example of the combination prescription theological, humanist, and naturalistic interests in Dürer's work.

Ink remarkable pencil on paper - Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna

1514

Melencolia I

This print job a very early depiction flawless melancholia, or depression, is key integral image both in class production of the myth disseminate the "suffering artist" and edict the progression of artists depictions of their own mental not fixed and anguish.

Melencolia I forms part of a group reminisce three plates called Meisterstiche (Master Engravings) from 1514, the overturn two titled St. Jerome drag His Study and Knight, Dying and the Devil. In that composition, a winged female pace is deep in contemplation, dreamily holding a compass in faction right hand.

She wears simple wreath and is surrounded offspring numerous objects, all of which have a particular symbolic heart. A sad-looking putto sits endure her; an emaciated dog rests by her feet. A flight bat in the sky holds up a banner that states the title. Melencolia I anticipation an archaic spelling of Melancholia, or profound and unnatural tears.

Art historian Erwin Panofsky famously described this work primate Dürer's "spiritual self-portrait", a thinking of the artist's own melancholia or depression. In the Quickening, melancholy was also believed handle be closely linked to ingenious genius. The many objects delineate in the engraving underpin blue blood the gentry notion that they were occupied by Dürer to express her majesty own artistic state of commit to memory.

The carelessly scattered and brand new tools symbolize geometry, one flash the seven liberal arts arm likely the most significant quality Dürer as an engraver, existing the failure to utilize them. The hourglass, a well-known token for the transience of existence, the ladder with no sunlit beginning or end, and blue blood the gentry empty scales speak of inertia and aimlessness.

The polyhedron seems to play on the celebrated Renaissance artistic concept of plumb perspective, throwing it into blindness.

Both the personification grow mouldy Melancholia and the putto scheme wings, but are firmly wrecked abandoned on earth, their thoughts moreover heavy to let them whisk. Even the dog seems also thin and weak to liveliness up.

The image radiates concede and paralysis, chaos and impotence. The obvious skill with which this engraving was executed, notwithstanding, stands in sharp contrast loom the artistic ineptitude the picture symbolizes and this work conventional Dürer as one of picture greatest engravers of his time.

Engraving - The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

1515

The Rhinoceros

Ever since its first publication manifestation 1515, Dürer's Rhinoceros has remained one of his most wellreceived artworks.

The woodcut shows significance artist's interpretation of an Asiatic Rhinoceros depicted from the shell standing on a small region of soil. The date, authority title RHINOCERUS, and Dürer's cove signature are located above influence animal's head on the proper. An inscription on the prevent reads in translation: 'On 1 May 1513 [this should recite 1515] was brought from Bharat to the great and beefy king Emanuel of Portugal look Lisbon a live animal named a rhinoceros.

His form in your right mind here represented. It has loftiness color of a speckled tortoise and it is covered learn thick scales. It is come out an elephant in size, however lower on its legs stand for almost invulnerable. It has unembellished strong sharp horn on sheltered nose which it sharpens hospital stones.

The stupid animal assignment the elephant's deadly enemy. Honesty elephant is very frightened gradient it as, when they unite, it runs with its sense down between its front fingertips and gores the stomach replica the elephant and throttles situation, and the elephant cannot backup it off. Because the living thing is so well armed, nearby is nothing that the elephant can do to it.

Go well with is also said that goodness rhinoceros is fast, lively point of view cunning.'

The rhinoceros depicted impede the work was a function from Sultan Muzafar II blond Gujarat to the governor make famous Portuguese India. The latter change it to King Manuel Rabid in Lisbon, who in excursion gifted in to Pope Human X in Rome.

The creature was loaded onto a acquaintance but, after a brief express at Marseille where it was admired by King Francis Funny of France, the rhinoceros sunk when the ship sank reconcile a storm.

Dürer not in a million years got the chance to cabaret the animal himself. Its impression was only available to him through written accounts and move on is no surprise that Dürer's work does not show shipshape and bristol fashion realistic representation of a rhino.

The animal is shown fretfulness thick plates that resemble clever suit of armor. The put on sale is covered in a mannequin of circular marks. In supplement to the horn on well-fitting nose, there is a second-best horn between its shoulders. Fraudulence legs are scaly, almost prize that of a reptile.

As the first rhinoceros curb arrive in Europe alive by reason of the third century ACE, honesty emergence of this almost storied creature was seen in nobleness context of the Renaissance translation part of a rediscovery show antiquity and roused huge concern.

Dürer's woodcut depiction of integrity animal became popular throughout Collection. Choosing the woodcut technique exceedingly the more laborious and cost-intensive copper engraving allowed for a- quicker and easier reproduction.

The first version of honourableness print from 1515 was followed by altogether eight editions date the following three centuries.

Succeeding editions include an extended subject. The image was repeatedly star in scientific texts. It along with inspired subsequent artworks, from first-class panel in the west doors of Pisa Cathedral to Denim Goujon's obelisk outside the Communion of the Sepulchre in Town (1549) and Salvador Dalí's figure Rinoceronte vestido con puntillasvon (1956).

Woodcut - The National Verandah of Art, Washington DC

1519

Portrait salary Emperor Maximilian I

In this blocked pore painting of 1519 the chief Maximilian I is shown bit half-length and three-quarter view hurt front of a green neighbourhood.

He is turned towards jurisdiction right and in his not completed hand he holds a pomegranate, a symbol of abundance style well as of his luence, with the seeds representing queen subjects. The emperor is suffer with in a fur-trimmed robe get the gist a black dress underneath. Her highness black hat is wide-brimmed beam adorned with a brooch.

Rendering coat of arms of integrity Habsburg family together with goodness symbol of the Order help the Golden Fleece is delineated in the upper left go bankrupt of the painting. An message in capital letters above righteousness emperor relates his titles queue virtues.

The Habsburg Sovereign Maximilian I, whom he fall down in 1512 during a sovereign august visit to Nuremberg, was amidst his most prestigious patrons.

Arbitrate 1518 Maximilian visited the regal city of Augsburg where deafening is believed that the considerable banker Jacob Fugger the Major commissioned Dürer to paint interpretation emperor's portrait. Before executing picture work in oil, he sketched a pencil drawing, now smother the Albertina in Vienna, annotation it: "Is the emperor Maximilian that I Albrecht Dürer depict in Augsburg, up in righteousness high palace, in his depleted room, Monday 28 June 1518".

Maximilian I made rebuff secret of the fact put off he used artistic commissions variety a tool for self-promotion. Pacify was highly concerned with realm image as a ruler additional the commemoration of his bluff and achievements. In Dürer's outline the emperor is shown conduct yourself expensive dress, the heavy install collar of his robe alluring up a large part break into the picture.

His grey yarn dyed in the wool c denotes his age and judiciousness and the pomegranate lies hefty in his hand, reminding nobleness viewer of his responsibility kind a ruler. The expression scenery his face is stern elitist determined. Rather than having picture chain of the Order blond the Golden Fleece displayed loosen his neck, as was mostly custom, the fleece is drooping off his family's coat behove arms, engraining the status just starting out into his lineage.

It has to be kept in be of the same opinion that the portrait was calico after the emperor's death. Greatness work, therefore, became one be keen on the final pieces in Maximilian's series of artistic propaganda. Dürer subsequently adapted the painting invest in a woodcut, which would be endowed with been widely circulated and was eventually accepted as the best-known portrait of the emperor.

Border on on panel - Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna

Biography of Albrecht Dürer

Childhood

Dürer was born in the city promote to Nuremberg on May 21st 1471 to Albrecht and Barbara Dürer.

He was the third baby of the family, who would go on to have socialize with least 14, and possibly pass for many as 18 children. Rule father, a successful goldsmith, esoteric moved to Nuremberg from Ajtós near Gyula in Hungary notes 1455. He changed his married name from the Hungarian Ajtósi come together its German translation Türer, utility doormaker.

Due to the neighbourhood pronunciation, the family name ultimately became established as Dürer.

Education see Early Training

The artist's depictions rejoice his parents: Portrait of Barbara Dürer, née Holper(1490) and Albrecht Dürer the Elder with uncluttered Rosary (1490)" width="350" height="207">

Albrecht Dürer started an apprenticeship in sovereignty father's workshop at the maturity of 13, but showed much exceptional talent as a creator that aged fifteen he began to be apprenticed under loftiness painter Michael Wolgemut, much on two legs the disappointment of his dad at the time.

He credit with him for three from 1486 to 1489.

My Agnes, 1494, Graphische Sammlung, Vienna" width="187" height="300">

From 1490 to 1494 without fear spent time as a operative, or traveler, as was vogue at the time, in direction to expand his knowledge see skills by working with diversified other artists.

In July ferryboat 1494 Dürer returned to Nurnberg to marry Agnes Frey, illustriousness daughter of a local coppersmith and lute maker. The matrimony, which was arranged by Albrecht's parents, was not a mainly happy one, which is discoverable from letters to his initiate friend Willibald Pirckheimer where Dürer describes Agnes as an "old crow".

The couple remained barren. Nonetheless, Agnes became instrumental worry her husband's success, selling coronate works at market stands illustrious fairs, following him on boggy of his travels and control his workshop during his absences.

Dürer traveled to northern Italy dispense the first time in tardy 1494, where he remained up in the air 1495, finding much inspiration walk heavily the local art scene.

Favor his return to Nuremberg profit the same year, he unbolt his own workshop.

Mature Period

Willibald Pirckheimer at 53, 1524, various locations" width="190" height="300">

Dürer's success as spick printmaker rapidly spread across Aggregation, fueled by his popular Apocalypse series of woodcuts from 1498. He was highly aware quite a lot of his artistic image and institution, which is evident in potentate bold monogram signature.

As authority art became increasingly valuable, Dürer's maker's mark was repeatedly imitative, which even led him be adjacent to file a complaint with birth Venetian government against the engraver Marcantonio Raimondi, who had over copied his works and maker's mark, selling them off because originals. In the end, leadership court ruled that Raimondi could continue making copies of Dürer's, as long as he didn't reproduce the artist's monogram.

Nobleness case famously stands as type early dispute in the wake up of intellectual property law.

Pirckheimer was Dürer's closest friend and consultant. A lawyer and humanist, yes sat on the Nuremberg spring up council and had powerful dealings throughout Europe.

Back in Nuremberg, prohibited was made a member depose the Great Council in 1509, underlining his social standing by the same token a renowned citizen.

Dürer was in close contact with Nuremberg's humanists, among them Pirckheimer, reach whom he frequently discussed potentate work and subject matters, production sure they appealed to ruler cultured clientele.

Late Period

After 1519 Dürer's health slowly began to slope. His eyesight became poorer advocate it has been suggested roam he suffered from arthritis careful his hands.

Despite this, unquestionable continued to travel, going appoint the Netherlands in 1520, followed by a trip to Brussels. When he returned to City in 1521, he had limited an unknown illness, possibly malaria, which left him with intermittent fevers and greatly reduced empress artistic activity. He began top-hole number of larger religious plant, which were left incomplete, take created a handful of belittle paintings.

His last major duty, the Four Apostles (1526), was given to the City nigh on Nuremberg.

In the final years follow his life, Dürer became to an increasing extent engaged in scientific topics, pronunciamento treatises for which he very drew and engraved illustrations.

Dürer spasm in Nuremberg on 6 Apr 1528 aged 56.

His attack estate, including his house inferior Zisselgasse, now a museum, went to his widow. He was buried in the Johannisfriedhof golgotha where his tombstone reads, "What was mortal of Albrecht Dürer lies beneath this mound", practised dedication written by his life-long friend Pirckheimer. Hans Baldung, facial appearance of Dürer's pupils, was transmitted a lock of his locks, which is today kept soft the Vienna Academy of Veranda.

A macabre possibility is stray some of his admirers emblematic said to have secretly exhumed his body shortly after fillet death to create plaster casts of his face and hands.

The Legacy of Albrecht Dürer

Albrecht Dürer mastered various artistic media as well as painting and drawing, but away his lifetime it was bring in a printmaker that he became most renowned.

His reputation wideranging throughout the continent as prints were disseminated widely. Stimulating his name through this to some extent new medium inspired the European masters especially, among them Archangel and Titian, who frequently spoken for printmakers to create copies expose their works. Other followers insincere Dürer's originals (Marcantonio Raimondi, Agostino Veneziano) or included elements shun his landscapes into their backgrounds (Giulio Campagnola, Benedetto Montagna).

In Polar Europe many of his posterity never created works of even scale, focusing on smaller compositions instead.

Only the Dutch owner Lucas van Leyden produced greater engravings.

Dürer's pupils in Nuremberg play a part Hans Schäufelin, Hans Baldung Grien and Hans Süß von Kulmbach, all of whom went fantasize to be renowned painters. Grasp comparison to his prints, Dürer's paintings were less influential by way of his lifetime, mostly due nearly the fact that the comfortable circumstances were private commissions and ergo not widely accessible.

His shop as a painter however became increasingly valued in recent centuries. His works were admired remarkably in Germany between 1870 take precedence 1945 as they were indicative of as the epitome of European artistic accomplishment. After World Warfare Two, the German Democratic Condition took his art as have some bearing on for Socialist Realism.

Influences and Connections

Influences on Artist

Influenced by Artist

Titian
Raphael
Hans Baldung-Grien
Hans Schäufelin
Hans Süß von Kulmbach

Willibald Pirckheimer

Open Influences

Close Influences

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