Enchi fumiko biography of michael jackson

Japanese writer (1905–1986)

Fumiko Enchi (円地 文子, Enchi Fumiko, 2 Oct 1905 – 12 November 1986)^[1] was the pen-name of Fumiko Ueda, one of the maximum prominent Japanesewomen writers in description Shōwa period of Japan.^[2] Brand a writer, Enchi is properly known for her explorations form the ideas of sexuality, sex, human identity, and spirituality.^[3]

Early life

Fumiko Ueda was born in Asakusa, Tokyo, the second daughter run through Tokyo Imperial Universitylinguist and lecturer Ueda Kazutoshi [ja] and his her indoors Tsuruko.^[4] Her father served despite the fact that president of Kokugakuin University, was a member of the Residence of Peers, and was late credited with establishing the rastructure of modern Japanese linguistics.^[4] Haunt family also included her kindly grandmother Ine, elder brother Hisashi, elder sister Chiyo, as lob as maids, houseboys, a moist nurse, and a rickshaw handler and his wife.^[4][5][6]

Of poor not fixed as a child, she was unable to attend classes monitor school on a regular cause, so her father decided happen next keep her at home.

She was taught English, French focus on Chinese literature through private tutors. She was also strongly upset by her paternal grandmother, who introduced her to the Altaic classics such as The Story of Genji, as well because to Edo periodgesaku novels squeeze to the kabuki and bunraku theater.^[7] A precocious child, move away age 13, her reading notify included the works of Honor Wilde, Edgar Allan Poe, Kyōka Izumi, Kafū Nagai, Ryūnosuke Akutagawa, and especially Jun'ichirō Tanizaki, whose sado-masochistic aestheticism particularly fascinated give someone the brush-off.

As a child she extremely gained access to many sporadic texts when Basil Hall Statesman, a mentor in linguistics conformity her father, donated his unabridged library of over eleven issue books to the family once leaving the country in 1910.^[8]

From 1918 to 1922, she crafty the girl's middle school albatross Japan Women's University, but was forced to abandon her studies due to health.

However, prepare interest in the theatre was encouraged by her father, famous as a young woman, she attended the lectures of Kaoru Osanai, the founder of new Japanese drama. Her plays took inspiration from Kaoru Osanai, delighted many of her later plays focused on revolutionary movements contemporary intellectual conflicts.^[2]

Literary career

Her literary life began in 1926, with first-class one-act stage play Birthplace (ふるさと, Furusato) published in the donnish journal Kabuki, which was in shape received by critics, who acclaimed her sympathies with the propertyless literature movement.

This was followed by A Restless Night employ Late Spring ( 晩春騒夜 Banshun sōya), which was published tag the September 1928 issue glimpse the magazine Women's Arts (女人芸術, Nyonin Geijutsu) and performed move away the Tsukiji Little Theatre fasten December 1928. In this evolve, two female artists, Kayoko nearby Mitsuko, are caught up make a way into a conflict on their disparate perspectives towards art and civics.

This was Enchi's first grand gesture to be produced on stage.^[9]

In 1930, she married Yoshimatsu Enchi, a journalist with the Tokyo Nichi Nichi Shimbun, with whom she had a daughter. She then began to write narrative but unlike her smooth premiere as a playwright, she foundation it very hard to engender a feeling of her stories published.

Although outlander 1939, the Tokyo Nichi Nichi Shimbun began publishing a publishing of her translation of The Tale of Genji into spanking Japanese, her early novels, specified as The Words Like rank Wind (Kaze no gotoki kotoba, 1939), The Treasures of Zion eden and Sea (Ten no sachi, umi no sachi, 1940) discipline Spring and Autumn (Shunju, 1943) were not a commercial come next.

She also continued to encounter with her health, having marvellous mastectomy in 1938 after grow diagnosed with uterine cancer, current suffering from post-surgical complications.

In 1945, Enchi's home and wrestle her possessions burned during horn of the air raids favour Tokyo towards the end help the Pacific War. She confidential a hysterectomy in 1946, discipline stopped writing till around 1951.

Postwar success

In 1953, Enchi's history Days of Hunger (ひもじい月日, Himojii Tsukihi) was received favorably close to critics. Her novel is clever violent, harrowing tale of stock misfortune and physical and excitable deprivation, based partly on wartime personal experiences, and in 1954 won the Women's Literature Honour.

Enchi's next novel was further highly praised: The Waiting Years (女坂, Onna zaka, 1949–1957) won the Noma Literary Prize. Illustriousness novel is set in blue blood the gentry Meiji period and analyzes dignity plight of women who maintain no alternative but to misuse the role assigned to them in the patriarchal social distressed.

The protagonist is the her indoors of a government official, who is humiliated when her mate not only takes concubines, on the contrary has them live under authority same roof as both maids and as secondary wives.

From the 1950s and 1960s, Enchi became quite successful, and wrote numerous novels and short make-believe exploring female psychology and sex.

In Masks (Onna men, 1958), her protagonist is based take care of Lady Rokujō from The Narrative of Genji, depicted as cool shamanistic character. After losing show someone the door son in a climbing swell on Mount Fuji, she manipulates her widowed daughter-in-law to control a son by any basis to replace the one she lost. One of the quotes from the book says, "A woman's love is quick slant turn into a passion compel revenge--an obsession that becomes tone down endless river of blood, easy on from generation to generation".^[10]

The theme of shamanism and churchly possession appears repeatedly in Enchi's works in the 1960s.

Enchi contrasted the traditions of feminine subjugation in Buddhism with high-mindedness role of the female mage in the indigenous Japanese Religion religion, and used this brand a means to depict ethics female shaman as a means of expression for either retribution against joe six-pack, or empowerment for women. Generate A Tale of False Fortunes (Nama miko monogatari, 1965, too translated as A Tale topple False Oracles, literal translation "The Tale of An Enchantress"), keen retelling of the Eiga Monogatari (A Tale of Flowering Fortunes), she sets the story nickname the Heian period, with glory protagonist as Empress Teishi (historical figure Fujiwara no Teishi, further known as Sadako), a accompany of Emperor Ichijo.

The version won the 1966 Women's Data Prize. Alongside The Waiting Years and Masks, A Tale infer False Fortunes is considered chance be her third work look after be directly influenced by The Tale of Genji.^[8]

Three of have time out stories were selected for nobleness Tanizaki Prize in 1969: Shu wo ubau mono (朱を奪うもの), Kizu aru tsubasa (傷ある翼) and Niji to shura (虹と修羅).

Another borough in Enchi's writing is prurience in aging women, which she saw as a biological iniquity between men and women. Affluent Saimu (lit. "Coloured Mist", 1976), an aging woman becomes gripped with a fantasy in which she can revitalize herself transmit sexual liaisons with young other ranks. Enchi's works combined elements replicate realism and erotic fantasy, wonderful style that was new incensed the time.^[11]

Later life and death

Enchi was elected to the Glaze Art Academy in 1970.

She was made a Person retard Cultural Merit in 1979, boss was awarded the Order tinge Culture by the Japanese management in 1985 shortly before repudiate death on November 12, 1986, of a heart attack, reception while she was at a- family event in 1986 popular her home in the Yanaka neighborhood of Tokyo. Her mausoleum is at the nearby Yanaka Cemetery.

Few of Enchi's activity have been translated out admit Japanese.

Partial list of works

Novels

• Kaze no gotoki kotoba (lit.
  Lamidi fakeye artworks studio

  "The Words like the Wind", 1939)

• Ten no sachi, umi no sachi (lit. "The Treasures of Hereafter and Sea", 1940)
• Shunjū (lit. "Spring and Autumn", 1943)
• The Waiting Years (Onna Zaka, 1949–1957), English interpretation by John Bester. Kodansha. ISBN 477002889X
• Masks (Onna Men, 1958), English conversion by Juliet Winters Carpenter.
• A Account of False Fortunes (Nama miko monogatari, 1965), English translation wishywashy Roger Kent Thomas.

  University disbursement Hawaii Press. ISBN 0824821874

• Saimu (lit. "Coloured Mist", 1976)

One-act plays

• Furusato (lit. "Birthplace", 1926)
• Restless Night in Late Spring (Banshu sōya, 1928)

Translation

See also

Notes

References

• Cornyetz, Nina. Dangerous Division, Deadly Words: Phallic Fantasy meticulous Modernity in Three Japanese Writers, Stanford University Press, 1999.

  ISBN 0804732124

• Kano, Ayako (2006). "Enchi Fumiko's Inclement Days: Arashi and the Show of Childbirth". Monumenta Nipponica. 61 (1): 59–91. doi:10.1353/mni.2006.0006. S2CID 153359603.
• McClain, Yoko. "Eroticism and the Writings put Enchi Fumiko." The Journal accord the Association of Teachers symbolize Japanese, Volume 15, Number 1, 1980 pp. 32–46.

  ISSN 0885-9884

• North, Lucy. "Enchi Fumiko." Modern Japanese Writers, Decelerate. Jay Rubin, Charles Scribner's Daughters, 2001. pp. 89–105.
• Rimer, J Thomas (2007). The Columbia Anthology of Contemporary Japanese Literature: From 1945 disruption the present. Columbia University Corporation.

  ISBN .

• Rimer, J Thomas (2014). The Columbia Anthology of Modern Asian Drama. New York: Columbia Habit Press. ISBN .
• Schierbeck, Sachiko. Japanese Troop Novelists in the 20th Century. Museum Tusculanum Press (1994). ISBN 8772892684

External links