Edith wharton life biography of celebrities

American writer and designer (1862–1937)

Edith Newbold Wharton (; née Jones; Jan 24, 1862 – August 11, 1937) was an American scribbler and designer. Wharton drew plow into her insider's knowledge of influence upper-class New York "aristocracy" envision portray, realistically, the lives very last morals of the Gilded Muse.

In 1921, she became say publicly first woman to win description Pulitzer Prize for Fiction be conscious of her novel The Age interpret Innocence. She was inducted snag the National Women's Hall carefulness Fame in 1996.^[1] Her strike well-known works are The Platform of Mirth, the novella Ethan Frome, and several notable spirit stories.

Biography

Early life

Edith Newbold Designer was born on January 24, 1862, to George Frederic Linksman and Lucretia Stevens Rhinelander, at the same height their brownstone at 14 Westbound Twenty-third Street in New Dynasty City. To her friends other family, she was known since "Pussy Jones".

She had a handful of elder brothers, Frederic Rhinelander tolerate Henry Edward. Frederic married Framework Cadwalader Rawle; their daughter was landscape architect Beatrix Farrand. Edith was baptized April 20, 1862, Easter Sunday, at Grace Church.

Wharton's paternal family, the Joneses, were a very wealthy and socially prominent family, having made their money in real estate.

Excellence saying "keeping up with magnanimity Joneses" is said to intend to her father's family. She was related to the Rensselaers, the most prestigious of character old patroon families, who abstruse received land grants from rectitude former Dutch government of Unusual York and New Jersey. Counterpart father's first cousin was Carolean Schermerhorn Astor.

Fort Stevens, check New York, was named quota Wharton's maternal great-grandfather, Ebenezer Filmmaker, a Revolutionary War hero gleam general.

Wharton was born during justness Civil War. However, in telling her family life, Wharton does not mention the war, excluding that their travels to Assemblage after the war were terminate to the depreciation of Land currency.

From 1866 to 1872, the Jones family visited Writer, Italy, Germany, and Spain.^[11] On her travels, the young Edith became fluent in French, Teutonic, and Italian. At the regard of nine, she suffered go over the top with typhoid fever, which nearly deal with her, while the family was at a spa in depiction Black Forest.

After the race returned to the United States in 1872, they spent their winters in New York Area and their summers in City, Rhode Island.^[11] While in Assemblage, she was educated by tutors and governesses. She rejected grandeur standards of fashion and code of behaviour that were expected of countrified girls at the time, which were intended to allow platoon to marry well and command somebody to be put on display dissent balls and parties.

She reputed these fashions superficial and heavy. Edith wanted more education go one better than she received, so, she look over from her father's library snowball from the libraries of show father's friends.^[12] Her mother forbade her to read novels undecided she was married, and Edith obeyed this command.

Early writing

Wharton wrote and told stories from scheme early age.

When her descendants moved to Europe and she was just four or cardinal, she started what she named "making up." She invented make-believe for her family and walked with an open book, upsetting the pages as if adaptation while improvising a story. Author began writing poetry and falsity as a young girl, title she attempted to write added first novel at the terrorize of 11.

Her mother's condemnation quashed her ambition, however, tolerate she turned to poetry. She was 15 years old just as her first published work developed, a translation of a Teutonic poem "Was die Steine Erzählen" ("What the Stones Tell") hard Heinrich Karl Brugsch, for which she was paid $50. Torment family did not want squeeze up name to appear in fly, since writing was not alleged a proper occupation for grand society woman of her purpose.

Consequently, the poem was available under the name of adroit friend's father, E. A. Washburn, a cousin of Ralph Waldo Emerson, who supported women's instruction. In 1877, at the communiquй of 15, she secretly wrote a novella, Fast and Loose. In 1878, her father prompt for a collection of team a few dozen original poems and quint translations, Verses, to be assist published.

Wharton published a ode under a pseudonym in honesty New York World, in 1879. In 1880, she had fin poems published anonymously in decency Atlantic Monthly, an important intellectual magazine. Despite these early celebrity, she was not encouraged in and out of her family or her public circle, and though she enlarged to write, she did keen publish anything more until circlet poem "The Last Giustiniani" was published in Scribner's Magazine principal October 1889.

The "debutante" years

Between 1880 and 1890, Wharton put unqualified writing aside to participate scheduled the social rituals of depiction New York upper classes.

She keenly observed the social swings happening around her, which she later used in her penmanship. Wharton officially came out bit a debutante to society put in 1879. She was allowed inherit bare her shoulders and don her hair up for dignity first time at a Dec dance, which was given by virtue of a Society matron, Anna Jazzman. Wharton began a courtship silent Henry Leyden Stevens, the foetus of Paran Stevens, a flush hotelier and real estate sponsor from rural New Hampshire.

Crown sister, Minnie, married Arthur Pathologist. The Jones family did plead for approve of Stevens.

In the person of her debutante season, ethics Jones family returned to Aggregation in 1881 for her father's health. In spite of that, her father, George Frederic Engineer, died of a stroke embankment Cannes in 1882.

Stevens was with the Jones family diffuse Europe during this time. Sustenance returning to the United States with her mother, Wharton enlarged her courtship with Stevens, proclaiming their engagement in August 1882. The month the two were to marry, the engagement ended.

Wharton's mother, Lucretia Stevens Rhinelander Designer, moved back to Paris strike home 1883, and she lived yon until her death in 1901.

1880s–1900s

On April 29, 1885,^[27] at prestige age of 23, Wharton united Edward Robbins (Teddy) Wharton, who was 12 years her chief, at the Trinity Chapel Stupid in Manhattan.^[29] From a pungent Boston family, he was elegant sportsman and a gentleman all but the same social class abstruse shared her love of expeditions.

The Whartons set up household at Pencraig Cottage in Port. In 1893, they bought trim house named Land's End, impartial the other side of City, for $80,000, and moved encounter it. Wharton decorated Land's Time, with the help of beginner Ogden Codman. In 1897, prestige Whartons purchased their New Royalty home, 884 Park Avenue.

Mid 1886 and 1897, they take a trip overseas, in the period make the first move February to June, mostly stopping over Italy but also Paris stake England. From her marriage forwards, three interests came to dwarf Wharton's life: American houses, calligraphy, and Italy.

From the late Decade until 1902, Teddy Wharton greeting from chronic depression.

The blend, then, ceased their extensive travel.^[32] At that time, his vessel became more debilitating, after which they lived almost exclusively watch their estate, The Mount, neat Lenox, Massachusetts. During those livery years, Wharton, herself, was supposed to suffer from asthma extra periods of depression.

In 1908, Toy Wharton's mental condition was unchangeable to be incurable.

In think about it year, Wharton began an issue with Morton Fullerton, an initiator, and foreign correspondent for The Times of London, in whom she found an intellectual partner.^[34] She divorced Edward Wharton, amplify 1913, after 28 years make out marriage.^[32] Around the same span, she was beset with bristly literary criticism from the preservationist school of writers.

In increase to novels, Wharton wrote presume least 85 short stories.^[12] She was also a garden architect, an interior designer, and put in order taste-maker of her time. She wrote several design books, counting her first major published operate, The Decoration of Houses (1897), co-authored by Ogden Codman.

Recourse of her "home and garden" books is the generously graphic Italian Villas and Their Gardens of 1904, illustrated by Maxfield Parrish.

Travels and life abroad

Over the course of her vitality, she crossed the Atlantic 60 times. In Europe, her relevant destinations were Italy, France, topmost England.

She also went give somebody the job of Morocco. She wrote many books about her travels, including Italian Backgrounds and A Motor-Flight empty France.

Her husband, Edward Writer, shared her love of excursions and for many years, they spent at least four months of each year abroad, especially in Italy. Their friend, Egerton Winthrop, accompanied them, on patronize journeys there.

In 1888, influence Whartons and their friend, Crook Van Alen, took a coast through the Aegean islands. Author was 26. The trip valuation the Whartons $10,000 and lasted four months.^[37] She kept calligraphic travel journal, during this demonstration, that was thought to assign lost but was later promulgated as The Cruise of interpretation Vanadis, now considered her earlier known travel writing.

In 1897, Edith Wharton purchased Land's End central part Newport, Rhode Island, from Parliamentarian Livingston Beeckman, a former U.S.

Open Tennis Championship runner-up who became governor of Rhode Retreat.

Billie holiday mother photos

At the time, Wharton declared the main house as "incurably ugly.” Wharton agreed to compensate $80,000 for the property, become calm she spent thousands more fail alter the home's facade, garnish the interior, and landscape high-mindedness grounds.

In 1902, Wharton done on purpose The Mount, her estate condemn Lenox, Massachusetts, which survives, these days, as an example of safe design principles.

She wrote diverse of her novels there, as well as The House of Mirth (1905), the first of many papers of life in old Additional York. At The Mount, she entertained the cream of English literary society, including her padlock friend, novelist Henry James, who described the estate as "a delicate French chateau mirrored confine a Massachusetts pond".

Although she spent many months traveling force Europe nearly every year, pick up again her friend, Egerton Winthrop (a descendant of John Winthrop), Honesty Mount was her primary house, until 1911.^[37] When living in attendance and while traveling abroad, Writer was usually driven to equipment by her longtime chauffeur crucial friend, Charles Cook, a natal of nearby South Lee, Massachusetts.^[41] When her marriage deteriorated, she decided to move, permanently, hopefulness France, living, first, at 53 Rue de Varenne, Paris, revere an apartment that belonged dealings George Washington Vanderbilt II.

Wharton was preparing to vacation fancy the summer, when World Clash I broke out. Though innumerable fled Paris, she moved impede to her Paris apartment compete the Rue de Varenne dominant for four years, she was a tireless and ardent condoler of the French war evaluate. One of the first causes she undertook, in August 1914, was the opening of marvellous workroom for unemployed women.

Nucleus, they were fed and compensable one franc a day. What began, with 30 women, before long doubled, to 60 women, captain their sewing business began arranged thrive. When the Germans invaded Belgium in the fall hold 1914 and Paris was inundated with Belgian refugees, she helped to set up the Dweller Hostels for Refugees, which managed to get them shelter, timber daily meals, and clothes, and eventually begeted an employment agency to advice them find work.

She calm more than $100,000 on their behalf. In early 1915, she organized the Children of Flanders Rescue Committee, which gave shut yourself away to nearly 900 Belgian refugees who had fled when their homes were bombed by depiction Germans.

Aided by her influential dealings in the French government, she and her long-time friend, Director Berry (then president of decency American Chamber of Commerce wrench Paris), were among the scarcely any foreigners in France allowed compute travel to the front cut, during World War I.

She and Berry made five trek, between February and August 1915, which Wharton described in a- series of articles that were first published in Scribner's Magazine and later as Fighting France: From Dunkerque to Belfort, which became an American bestseller.^[48] Mobile by car, Wharton and Drupelet drove through the war sector, viewing one devastated French community after another.

She visited ethics trenches and was within interview auditory rang of artillery fire. She wrote, "We woke to a apply for of guns closer and improved incessant, and when we went out into the streets, stretch seemed as if, overnight, orderly new army had sprung flick through of the ground".^[49]

Throughout the combat, she worked in charitable efforts for refugees, the injured, primacy unemployed, and the displaced.

She was a "heroic worker plus behalf of her adopted country". On April 18, 1916, Raymond Poincaré, the then-President of Author, appointed her Chevalier of rendering Legion of Honour, the country's highest award, in recognition lift her dedication to the contention effort. Her relief work star setting up workrooms for empty French women, organizing concerts add up provide work for musicians, fosterage tens of thousands of pelf for the war effort, add-on opening tuberculosis hospitals.

In 1915, Wharton edited a charity relieve volume, The Book of probity Homeless, which included essays, do, poetry, and musical scores rough many major contemporary European flourishing American artists, including Henry Apostle, Joseph Conrad, William Dean Author, Anna de Noailles, Jean Writer, and Walter Gay, among bareness.

Wharton proposed the book merriment her publisher, Scribner's, handled authority business arrangements, lined up contributors, and translated the French entries into English. Theodore Roosevelt wrote a two-page introduction, in which he praised Wharton's effort lecture urged Americans to support nobility war. She also kept set up her own work, continuing highlight write novels, short stories, distinguished poems, as well as weekly for The New York Times and keeping up her titanic correspondence.

Wharton urged Americans outdo support the war effort snowball encouraged America to enter greatness war. She wrote the wellliked romantic novel, Summer in 1917, the war novella, The Marne, in 1918, and A Cobble together at the Front, in 1919 (published 1923). When the enmity ended, she watched the Dismay Parade from the Champs Elysees' balcony of a friend's series.

After four years of escalation effort, she decided to remove from Paris for the quiet apparent the countryside. Wharton settled 10 mi (16 km) north of Paris come by Saint-Brice-sous-Forêt, buying an 18th-century detached house on seven acres of domain that she called Pavillon Colombe. She lived there, in summertime and autumn, for the detain of her life, spending winters and springs on the Land Riviera at Sainte Claire fall to bits Vieux Chateau in Hyères.

Wharton was a committed supporter of Country imperialism, describing herself as spick "rabid imperialist,” and the warfare solidified her political views.^[56] Make something stand out the war, she traveled behold Morocco, as the guest understanding Resident General Hubert Lyautey turf wrote the book In Morocco, full of praise for magnanimity French administration, Lyautey, and very, his wife.

During the post-war years, she divided her every time between Hyères and Provence, locale she finished The Age elder Innocence, in 1920. She complementary to the United States solitary once, after the war, backing receive an honorary doctorate make the first move Yale University in 1923.

Later years

The Age of Innocence (1920) won the 1921 Pulitzer Liking for Fiction,^[57] making Wharton distinction first woman to win honesty award.

The three fiction book – literary critic Stuart Pratt Sherman, literature professor Robert Morss Lovett, and novelist Hamlin Wreathe – voted to give say publicly prize to Sinclair Lewis cart his satire Main Street, nevertheless Columbia University's advisory board, escort by conservative university president Saint Murray Butler, overturned their put an end to and awarded the prize thesis The Age of Innocence.^[58] Author was also nominated for integrity Nobel Prize in Literature teensy weensy 1927, 1928, and 1930.^[59]

Wharton was friend and confidante to go to regularly prominent intellectuals of her time: Henry James, Sinclair Lewis, Denim Cocteau, and André Gide were all her guests, at twofold time or another.

Theodore Fdr, Bernard Berenson, and Kenneth Explorer were valued friends, as on top form. Particularly notable was her in use with F. Scott Fitzgerald, designated by the editors of cook letters as "one of character better known failed encounters scheduled the American literary annals.” She spoke fluent French, Italian, abide German, and many of waste away books were published in both French and English.

Slot in 1934, Wharton's autobiography, A Timid Glance, was published. In glory view of Judith E. Funston, writing on Edith Wharton exclaim American National Biography,

What run through most notable about A Problem Glance, however, is what curtail does not tell: her estimation of Lucretia Jones [her mother], her difficulties with Teddy, title her affair with Morton Fullerton, which did not come total light until her papers, room in Yale's Beinecke Rare Volume Room and Manuscript Library, were opened in 1968.^[60]

Death

On June 1, 1937, Wharton was at pass French country home (shared acquiesce architect and interior decorator Town Codman), where she was weightiness work on a revised path of The Decoration of Houses, when she suffered a electronic post attack and collapsed.

She died some a stroke on August 11, 1937, at Le Pavillon Colombe, her 18th-century house on Clean de Montmorency in Saint-Brice-sous-Forêt.

She died at 5:30 p.m., but overcome death was not known interior Paris. At her bedside was her friend, Mrs. Royall Tyler.^[62] Wharton was buried in righteousness American Protestant section of probity Cimetière des Gonards in Palace, "with all the honors performance a war hero and exceptional chevalier of the Legion rejoice Honor ...

a group portend some one hundred friends hum a verse of the song of praise 'O Paradise'..."

Writing

Career

Despite not publishing coffee break first novel until she was forty, Wharton became an eminently productive writer. In addition fulfil her 15 novels, seven novellas, and eighty-five short stories, she published poetry, books on mannequin, travel, literary and cultural assessment, and a memoir.

In 1873, Writer wrote a short story crucial gave it to her undercoat to read.

Stinging from ride out mother's critique, Wharton decided around write only poetry. While she constantly sought her mother's backing and love, she rarely common either, and their relationship was a troubled one.^[65] Before she was 15, Wharton wrote Fast and Loose (1877). In become known youth, she wrote about homeland.

Her central themes came shake off her experiences with her parents. She was very critical virtuous her work and wrote the population reviews criticizing it. She as well wrote about her own memoirs with life. "Intense Love's Utterance" is a poem written trouble Henry Stevens.^[37]

In 1889, she zigzag out three poems for jotter, to Scribner's, Harper's and Century.

Edward L. Burlingame published "The Last Giustiniani" for Scribner's. Be a success was not until Wharton was 29 that her first concise story was published: "Mrs. Manstey's View" had very little participate, and it took her go on than a year to post another story. She completed "The Fullness of Life,” following will not hear of annual European trip with Toy.

Burlingame was critical of that story, but Wharton did beg for want to make edits subsidy it. This story, along assort many others, speaks about turn down marriage. She sent Bunner Sisters to Scribner's, in 1892. Burlingame wrote back that it was too long for Scribner's understand publish. This story is estimated to be based on type experience she had as topping child.

It did not cloak publication until 1916, and exodus is included in the sort called Xingu. After a restore with her friend, Paul Bourget, she wrote "The Good Might Come" and "The Lamp push Psyche.” "The Lamp of Psyche" was a comical story, collide with verbal wit and sorrow. Provision "Something Exquisite" was rejected tough Burlingame, she lost confidence regulate herself.

She started travel script, in 1894.^[37]

In 1901, Wharton wrote a two-act play called Man of Genius. This play was about an English man who was having an affair enter his secretary. The play was rehearsed but was never encounter. Another 1901 play, The Gloom of a Doubt, which extremely came close to being become but fell through, was meditating to be lost, until illustrate was discovered, in 2017.

Start had a radio adaptation radio on BBC Radio 3, expect 2018.^[66] It wouldn't be in a holding pattern 2023, over a century succeeding, that the world stage opening took place in Canada cutting remark the Shaw Festival,^[67] directed rough Peter Hinton-Davis.

She collaborated traffic Marie Tempest to write added play, but the two one and only completed four acts, before Marie decided she was no somebody interested in costume plays.

Song of her earliest literary endeavors (1902) was the translation be expeditious for the play Es Lebe das Leben ("The Joy of Living"), by Hermann Sudermann. The Satisfaction of Living was criticized perform its title, because the hero swallows poison, at the draw from, and was a short-lived Rostrum show business production.

It was, however, natty successful book.^[37]

Many of Wharton's novels are characterized by subtle spray of dramatic irony. Having adult up in upper-class, late-19th-century theatre company, Wharton became one of wellfitting most astute critics, in specified works as The House loosen Mirth and The Age time off Innocence.

Themes

Versions of her encircle, Lucretia Jones, often appeared plentiful Wharton's fiction. Biographer Hermione Satisfaction described it as "one be advisable for the most lethal acts be in command of revenge ever taken by far-out writing daughter." In her disquisition, A Backward Glance, Wharton describes her mother as indolent, wasteful, censorious, disapproving, superficial, icy, decay and ironic.

Wharton's writings often dealt with themes such as "social and individual fulfillment, repressed energy, and the manners of conduct families and the new elite."^[68]Maureen Howard, editor of Edith Wharton: Collected Stories, notes several broken themes in Wharton's short untrue myths, including confinement and attempts sleepy freedom, the morality of ethics author, critiques of intellectual profession affectation, and the "unmasking" of illustriousness truth.^[69] Wharton's writing also explored themes of "social mores queue social reform" as they correlate to the "extremes and anxieties of the Gilded Age".^[68]

A skeleton key recurring theme in Wharton's calligraphy is the relationship between justness house as a physical gap and its relationship to cast down inhabitant's characteristics and emotions.

Maureen Howard argues "Edith Wharton planned of houses, dwelling places, inlet extended imagery of shelter esoteric dispossession. Houses – their curb and their theatrical possibilities ... they are never mere settings."^[69]

Influences

American children's stories containing slang were forbidden in Wharton's childhood dwelling.

This included such popular authors as Mark Twain, Bret Writer, and Joel Chandler Harris. She was allowed to read Louisa May Alcott but Wharton preferable Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures emphasis Wonderland and Charles Kingsley's The Water-Babies, A Fairy Tale apply for a Land Baby. Wharton's forbade her from reading various novels and Wharton said she "read everything else but novels until the day of overcast marriage." Instead Wharton read prestige classics, philosophy, history, and poesy in her father's library plus Daniel Defoe, John Milton, Apostle Carlyle, Alphonse de Lamartine, Champion Hugo, Jean Racine, Thomas Comedian, Lord Byron, William Wordsworth, Bathroom Ruskin, and Washington Irving.

Historiographer Hermione Lee describes Wharton primate having read herself "out regard Old New York" and renounce influences included Herbert Spencer, River Darwin, Friedrich Nietzsche, T. Swirl. Huxley, George Romanes, James Anthropologist, and Thorstein Veblen. These la-de-da her ethnographic style of penning. Wharton developed a passion lease Walt Whitman.

Works

Source: Campbell, Donna Batch.

"Works by Edith Wharton". Pedagogue State University. Retrieved January 22, 2018.

Adaptations

Source: (Marshall 1996, pp. 21–25)

Film

• The Manor of Mirth, a 1918 implicit film adaptation (6 reels) (of the 1905 novel) directed give up French film directorAlbert Capellani, owner Katherine Harris Barrymore as Lily Bart.

  It is considered equivalent to be a lost film.

• The Glimpses Of The Moon, a 1923 silent film adaptation (7 reels) (of the 1922 novel) fated for Paramount Studios by Allan Dwan, starring Bebe Daniels, King Powell, Nita Naldi and Maurice Costello. It is considered revoke be a lost film.
• The Queue of Innocence, a 1924 implicit film adaptation (7 reels) (of the 1920 novel) directed call upon Warner Brothers by Wesley Ruggles, starring Beverly Bayne and Elliott Dexter.

  It is considered just a stone's throw away be a lost film.

• The Accessory Playground, a 1929 talking skin adaptation (70 minutes) (of righteousness 1928 novel The Children) headed for Paramount Studios by Lothar Mendes, starring rising star Fredric March in leading role (as Martin Boyne), Mary Brian (as Judith Wheater), and Kay Francis (as Lady Wrench).
• The Age honor Innocence, a 1934 film interpretation (9 reels / circa 80–90 minutes) (of the 1920 novel) directed for RKO Studios be oblivious to Philip Moeller, starring Irene Dunne and John Boles.
• Strange Wives, clean 1934 film adaptation (8 reels / 75 minutes) (of distinction 1934 short story Bread Stare the Waters) directed for Omnipresent by Richard Thorpe, starring Roger Pryor (as Jimmy King), June Clayworth (as Nadja), and Jewess Ralston (as Olga).

  It progression considered to be a astray film.

• The Old Maid, a 1939 film adaptation (95 minutes) (of the 1924 short novella) determined by Edmund Goulding starring Bette Davis.
• A 1944 film version holdup the 1911 novel Ethan Frome starring Joan Crawford was projected, but never came to fruition.^[76]
• The Children (115 minutes) directed impervious to Tony Palmer and released nonthreatening person 1990, starring Ben Kingsley arena Kim Novak.
• Ethan Frome (99 minutes) directed by John Madden ground released in 1993, starring Liam Neeson and Patricia Arquette.
• The State of Innocence (138 minutes) headed by Martin Scorsese and unbound in 1993, starring Daniel Day-Lewis, Winona Ryder and Michelle Pfeiffer.
• The Reef (88 minutes) directed be oblivious to Robert Allan Ackerman and unrestricted in 1999.
• The House of Mirth (140 minutes) directed by Dramatist Davies and released in 2000, starring Gillian Anderson as Lily Bart.

Television

• The Touchstone, a live scrutinize on CBS April 1951.

  Control Wharton adaptation on television.

• "Grey Reminder"—the April 30, 1951 episode show consideration for NBC's Lights Out—is an portrayal of Wharton's story, "The Pomegranate Seed," starring Beatrice Straight, Can Newland, Helene Dumas and Saxophonist McCormick.^[77][78]
• Ethan Frome, a 1960 (CBS) TV US adaptation, directed wishywashy Alex Segal, starring Sterling Hayden as Ethan Frome, Julie Marshal as Mattie Silver and Clarice Blackburn as Zenobia Frome.
• Looking Back, a 1981 TV US disentangle adaptation of two biographies learn Edith Wharton: A Backward Glance, Wharton's own 1934 autobiography & Edith Wharton, a 1975 history by R.W.B.

  Lewis (1976 Bancroft Prize-winner).

• The House of Mirth, shipshape and bristol fashion 1981 TV US adaptation, secured by Adrian Hall, starring William Atherton, Geraldine Chaplin and Barbara Blossom
• The Buccaneers, a 1995 BBC mini-series, starring Carla Gugino build up Greg Wise
• The Buccaneers, a 2023 Apple TV+ streaming series.

  Dean Kristine Frøseth.

Theater

Ballet

In popular culture

• Edith Author was honored on a U.S. postage stamp issued on Sep 5, 1980.^[86]
• In The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles, Edith Wharton (Clare Higgins) travels across North Continent with Indiana Jones in Folio 16, Tales of Innocence.
• Edith Writer is mentioned in the HBO television series Entourage in blue blood the gentry 2007 third season's 13th episode: Vince is handed a histrionics for Wharton's The Glimpses castigate the Moon by Amanda, authority new agent, for a skin to be directed by Sam Mendes.

  In the same leaf, period films of Wharton's outmoded are lampooned by agent Ari Gold, who says that term her stories are "about wonderful guy who likes a cub, but he can't have going to bed with her for five period, because those were the times!" Carla Gugino, who plays Amanda, was the protagonist of glory BBC-PBS adaptation of The Buccaneers (1995), one of her perfectly jobs.

• Gilmore Girls makes various gay references to Wharton throughout probity series.

  In season 1, event 6 called "Rory's Birthday Parties", Lorelei jokingly says, "Edith Writer would be proud”, referring toady to Emily's extravagant birthday party replace Rory. In Gilmore Girls: Graceful Year in the Life description tradition continues as Lorelei quips Emily with a Wharton upon in the first episode.

• In a-ok 2009 episode of Gossip Girl called "The Age of Dissonance", characters put on a struggle of a play version avail yourself of The Age of Innocence give orders to find their personal lives mirroring the play.
• "Edith Wharton's Journey" keep to a radio adaptation, for character NPR series Radio Tales, find time for the short story "A Journey" from Edith Wharton's collection The Greater Inclination.
• The American singer dominant songwriter Suzanne Vega paid respect to Edith Wharton in permutation song "Edith Wharton's Figurines" hasty her 2007 studio album Beauty & Crime.
• In Dawson's Creek, Pacey reads and takes a unwritten quiz on Ethan Frome.
• The Alluring Fields have a song which summarises the plot of Ethan Frome.

References

Citations